Living Away From Home The University Of New Haven

Living on campus, away from home, is an extreme substantial change many college students go through. In order to live on campus and get a successful education, students have to be comfortable with where they are living. Living away from home is one of the students’ greatest fears and living in a nice space with a reasonable amount of people is required for someone to adjust to the college lifestyle. These residential halls represent the quality and value of the university. They will also for some students, determine if they will even consider attending the university or if they will return to live on campus again the oncoming year. The residential housing throughout the University of New Haven differs, especially for the freshman residential halls. As listed on the University of New Haven’s website, the freshman dorms consist of Botwinik Hall, Bergami Hall, Bethel Hall, Bixler Hall, and Westside Hall. Botwinik Hall and Bixler Hall are similar because they both consist o f individual rooms shared by three people. However, Botwinik Hall has a bathroom and a common area for two rooms, or six people. Bixler has bathrooms and a common room shared by the entire floor. Bergami Hall consists of two rooms, each with 3 people, sharing a bathroom with three common areas throughout the floor. Bethel Hall has bedrooms with two people who share a common room and bathroom with their entire suite, which consists of 6 total rooms. Westside Hall is the newest residential hall, which hasShow MoreRelatedThe Best Place To Start A New Business Case Study871 Words   |  4 PagesIn recent years the UK has been more entrepreneurial than ever. The first half of 2016 saw 80 new businesses born every hour. Exciting times for many. But which places offer the best home for start-ups? There are a lot of things to consider when deciding the optimal conditions for a fresh new business to survive. 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Abigail Adams and How She Shaped the Role of Women in...

Almost everyone’s heard of her, there have been numerous books written about her, several thousand letters accounted for that she wrote. She was also the wife of the second president and the mother to the sixth American president, who was this woman? She was Abigail Adams. Abigail Adams life didn’t acquire meaning solely from knowing and being around these two great men however, Adams was eminently worth knowing as an individual herself. Throughout the ages, women have always been involved in war but Abigail Adams brought a new concept to women and war with her involvement in the early colonial years and the American Revolution. Abigail Adams did many things in her lifetime but the questions I will be attempting to answer is how†¦show more content†¦Therefore, although she had no formal education herself Abigail was well informed on philosophy, theology, the classics, ancient history, government and law, she especially enjoyed Shakespeare. At the ripe young age of nineteen Abigail Smith became Abigail Adams when she married John Adams. Getting married at nineteen was the standard age for marriage at that time and their marriage was a great partnership approved by all. They wed in her Smith family home in Weymouth Massachusetts by her father, Reverend Smith. John Adams was a lawyer at the time and after the ceremony they drove off in a horse carriage to the Adam’s family cottage where they lived for the beginning time of their marriage. They later moved to Boston and lived in a series of rented homes before settling in their large farm â€Å"Peace field† in 1787 while John Adams was Minister to Great Britain. From the time after the Adams settled on their farm, Abigail Adams began writing. Her letters were mostly to her husband John who was constantly away on business, along with to various other correspondents, mainly family and friends. 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Business Process Management Pete Dynatrix Pty. Ltd

Question: Discuss about the Business Process Management for Pete Dynatrix Pty. Ltd. Answer: Introduction The core objective of this particular study is to provide an in-depth knowledge of Business Process Management (BPM). The concept is established well by considering a specific case study. Petes Dynatrix Pty. Ltd is considered as the case study here. Through this study, a clear written advice and recommendations for change would be provided to the business owner of the organization. After analyzing the present scenario of the organization in business market, the suggestions will be provided. It has been found that the Business Process Management significantly helps to redesign the business operations (Jeston and Nelis 2014). Pete Playwright invented Dynatrix in his late forties. It is essential to mention that the Dynatrix is a hand held device, like mobile phone, which is exclusively used in exercise purpose. During exercise, it is placed on palm in order to identify the resting and pulse rates. However, it has been found that the organization has been identifying some business issues currently. This is the reason that the suggestion regarding Business Process Management is proposed through this study. In this study, a brief explanation of the reason of redesigning the business of the organization will be manifested. Business Process Management (BPM) and Strategy In this part of the study, the concept of Business Process Management is introduced to Pete. It would help him to understand how it can help his business. As per the statement of Weske (2012), Business Process Management is an effective approach of producing better process that includes lower cost, higher revenues, motivated employees and satisfied customers. Brocke and Rosemann (2014) represented a different viewpoint that it is an collaborative effort which is established between business units and IT (Information Technology) world. Moreover, Rosemann and vom Brocke (2015) mentioned that Business Process Management model fosters a new paradigm of efficient and logical business process. Today's dynamic business environment delivers several challenges to the organizations. Thus, it is essential for the individual organizations to be agile so that they can deal with the challenges that come their way. Supporting the discussion, Fleischmann et al. (2014) stated that the business approa ch helps the organizations to become more agile through incorporating a number of ways. These are: Accelerating innovation: Fleischmann et al. (2014) explained that the innovation is the process of leading the business towards growth with continuous improvements. Along with that, it is mentioned that the leaders should consider it as a vital part of their daily operation. However, the leaders confront several issues in incorporating innovation in their daily activities. Thus, the Business Process Management should be incorporated as it helps to make it possible. Reaching to the global market: Chang (2016) added in this context that the approach helps to stream line the supply chain operations and enter in the global market. Further, it helps to enhance the opportunities and deal with the weaknesses. Increased productivity: Chang (2016) further explained that the Business process Management helps the enterprises to increase their productivity. It is important to increase the productivity along with minimizing the cost. More specifically, it can be possible by producing more products with limited resources. Speed to market: As opined by Dumas et al. (2013), the approach helps the managers to be one of the leaders instead of followers, when new idea or product comes in the market. The leaders are the ones who lead the new product or the idea, whereas the followers are the ones who are too late to take advantage of the new market. Achieving compliance: It is essential to mention that keeping up with complex compliance and regulatory is time consuming in nature and require high cost as well. Dumas et al. (2013) stated that the business process Management helps to keep these costs and operations under control. However, in order to describe the benefits of Business process management, van der Aalst (2013) opined that it is strongly connected to business strategy, positioning, structure and value proposition. The discussion helps Pete to understand the Business Process Management in more brief manner. In supporting the discussion, Lohrmann and Reichert (2013) explained that the approach is a business strategy itself that is built to acquire the business purpose and satisfy the clients as well. In order to obtain the goal, the organizations require skillful management where they evolve into practice focusing resource integration. According to Roglinger, Poppelbu and Becker (2012), Business Process Management helps in formulating both the internal as well as external strategies. More specifically, the internal business strategy is formulated by considering present strength and weakness of the enterprises. The approach helps to enhance their strength by reducing their weaknesses. On contrast, t he external strategies mainly concentrate on the opportunities and threats of the present business market. Along with identifying the opportunities, it is important to address threats that the market and the competitors deliver. Gollenia (2016) added in this context that as technology moves forward rapidly, it becomes more difficult to trigger the changing behavior of the customers. Business Process Management helps in positioning the business by delivering consistent customer experience. It encompassescross-functional disciplines like Customer Relationship Management (CRM), supply chain management, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and Business Intelligence (BI). Trkman (2013) stated that that in order to obtain sustainable competitive advantages, the organizations needs to take the customer satisfaction to a new high. In order to explain how the Business Process Management is connected with value proposition, it is important to establish the concept of value chains in business. vom Brocke et al. (2014) defined value chain as the set of business operations monitored by the organizations to offer valuable products or services. Continuous improvement is the core concept of the value proposition in context o f Business Process Management (Vom Brocke, Seidel and Recker 2012). The approach helps the businesses to add value and to summarize why the consumers should purchase their products instead of the other similar offerings offered by the competitors. Problem Analysis Before analyzing the issues that Petes Dynatrix Pty. Ltd. has been confronting at present, it is essential to demonstrate what exactly the organization offer. It has been mentioned before that a device called Dynatrix is offered by the organization. Multiple features in one single product grabs the consumers' attention. The exclusive features of Dynatrix include: Advanced digital interface Two terabytes of storage capacity Internet connectivity Inbuilt heart-rate monitor Oxygen readout Pedometer Blood pressure reader Inbuilt scales recording weight to within 500 grams These features helps to track the physical movements of the individuals. Along with that, it gives personal training and nutrition program to the individuals. The product mainly attracts the people of the age of 25-50 who are interested in leading healthy lifestyle. During the first few years of invention, the business experienced strong growth and it enabled to grow quickly. In the year of 2015, a declining growth curve has been noticed. The following table helps to illustrate in a better way: Revenue (in millions) Expenses (in millions) Profit (in millions) 2010 8 $ 3 $ 5 $ 2011 9 $ 3 $ 6 $ 2012 10 $ 3 $ 7 $ 2013 12 $ 3.2 $ 8.8 $ 2014 14 $ 4 $ 10 $ 2015 12 $ 3.6 $ 8.4 $ 2016 8 $ 3 $ 5 $ Table 1: Financial chart of Petes Dynatrix Pty. Ltd. (Source: Created by Author) The above table shows that from the year 2015, along with expenses, both the revenues and profit started declining. In addition, it becomes worse in the present year. Through analyzing the present business of the firm, it has been found that they are experiencing decreasing demand curve for the products they offer. This is because, consumers become more price conscious than before. Their willingness is found towards purchasing the necessity products rather than the luxury ones. Most of the consumers do not consider the product Dynatrix as a necessary product. Besides, it has been found that the entire business process majorly relies on word of mouth communication. The major weakness is they do not have proper marketing strategy. Moreover, they have not put much effort in establishing streamlined and computer based business processes. The manual methods are pursued to keep records of the purchasing materials, controlling production satisfying customer orders and managing all the accounts. The major competitors of the organization are the portable blood pressure monitor manufacturers and the heart rate monitor manufacturers. Though, they had a strong competitive advantage as Dynatrix include multiple features which is not found in the products offered by the competitors. Recent problems arises due to the delays in receiving orders. Huge number of complaints are received from the customers because of their poor customer responsiveness. In order to deal with the present business situation, they need to maintain their strategic stances. Their 'As Is' process or the current business process shows that they have day-to-day management problem and input output problem. The problems which are identified are demonstrated in the below project scoping diagram through an opportunity perspective: Figure 1: Project scoping diagram (Source: Created by Author) Proposed Solution In this section of this study, the 'To be' process of the organization is demonstrated. It is advised to Pete that their company should incorporate Business Process Management system and develop business process architecture in order to deal with the current issues (Refer to Appendix 1). The business process architecture helps to bridge the identified gap of the business. Meyer et al. (2013) represented the viewpoint that the process helps to bridge between business model and enterprise strategy of an organization. Pete is advised to improve their primary business function first through formulating business strategy, positioning and value proposition goals. They should engage a team that will look over their day to day management process. Further, it is suggested that they should improve their Core, Support and Management processes by incorporating business process management system. Trkman et al. (2015) opined that it helps to acquire competitive advantages. Based on the identified issues, it is advised they should improve their input output process. Along with that, proper communication process is essential to improve the management system of the business. Solution Considerations The major weakness of the organization is their poor input output process and ineffective day to day management process. The prime reason behind the poor management process is the absence of rules and regulations to govern the operations in the organization. Besides, the undefined time frame is the prime reason of their delaying in receiving orders. Besides, they experienced lots of data redundancy due to the manual data handling system. They should establish computer based system in order to deal with such issues. Along with that, the sales department of the organization should determine the historical sales volume and analyze the consumers' perspective. The gap analysis of past demand perspective with that of the present is required to address the consumers' present expectation. Apart from this, they should invest in enterprise information system which includes order system, telecom systems and a credit card system (Trkman et al. 2015). Some policies should be implemented strictly to govern operations in the organization. Conclusion and Recommendations The study concludes that the organization had been experiencing increasing growth till the year 2014 and after that decreasing growth curve has been found. This is because the customers are unsatisfied as excessive time taken to fulfill orders. The study has found that they have poor day to day management process and input output system. After analyzing the problems, some recommendations are framed that are listed below: To incorporate Business Process Management system To build project scoping diagram To develop business process architecture To improve their primary business function To formulate new business strategy, positioning and value proposition goals To improve day to day management process To enhance Core, Support and Management processes To improve their input output process To establish effective communication process It is expected that these recommendations help them to overcome from their major weaknesses and deal with the current challenges. In a more specific way, it would help them to acquire sustainable competitive advantages. Reference List Brocke, J.V. and Rosemann, M., 2014. Business process management.Wiley Encyclopedia of Management. Chang, J.F., 2016.Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J. and Reijers, H.A., 2013.Fundamentals of business process management(Vol. 1, p. 2). Heidelberg: Springer. Fleischmann, A., Schmidt, W., Stary, C., Obermeier, S. and Brger, E., 2014.Subject-oriented business process management. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated. Gollenia, L.A., 2016.Business Transformation Management Methodology. Routledge. Jeston, J. and Nelis, J., 2014.Business process management. Routledge. Lohrmann, M. and Reichert, M., 2013. Understanding business process quality. InBusiness Process Management(pp. 41-73). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Meyer, A., Pufahl, L., Fahland, D. and Weske, M., 2013. Modeling and enacting complex data dependencies in business processes. InBusiness Process Management(pp. 171-186). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Roglinger, M., Poppelbu, J. and Becker, J., 2012. Maturity models in business process management.Business Process Management Journal,18(2), pp.328-346. Rosemann, M. and vom Brocke, J., 2015. The six core elements of business process management. InHandbook on Business Process Management 1(pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Trkman, P., 2013. Increasing process orientation with business process management: Critical practices.International Journal of Information Management,33(1), pp.48-60. Trkman, P., Mertens, W., Viaene, S. and Gemmel, P., 2015. From business process management to customer process management.Business Process Management Journal,21(2), pp.250-266. van der Aalst, W.M., 2013. Business process management: a comprehensive survey.ISRN Software Engineering,2013. vom Brocke, J., Schmiedel, T., Recker, J., Trkman, P., Mertens, W. and Viaene, S., 2014. Ten principles of good business process management.Business Process Management Journal,20(4), pp.530-548. Vom Brocke, J., Seidel, S. and Recker, J. eds., 2012.Green business process management: towards the sustainable enterprise. Springer Science Business Media. Weske, M., 2012. Business process management architectures. InBusiness Process Management(pp. 333-371). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

One Of Emily Dickinsons Poems, Formally Titled The Feet Of People Wal

One of Emily Dickinson's poems, formally titled "The feet of people walking home," is of some interest in its own merit. Unlike some of Dickinson's other poems, such as the ones that exist among other versions due to a few dissimilarities, this poem is duplicated verbatim. To the untrained eye, this triviality would often be overlooked, were it not for the fact that Emily Dickinson had not intended on publishing many of her poems. Why, then, did she duplicate this poem? Perhaps a more in-depth analysis of the poem, as well as the current events in Dickinson's life, would answer this query. Estimated to have been written in the year 1858, the poem begins its first stanza by conveying the emotions of gaiety and joyfulness, which are associated with passage to heaven. A much more somber note pervades the second stanza, in which Dickinson uses metaphors to compare the entrance to heaven with the act of theft. The third stanza combines the previous two by hinting at the theory that those who are already in heaven do not want more people entering heaven's gates, because that would diminish the high status that heaven and angels hold. The tone in the first stanza is of joyousness and excitement, as people make their way to heaven. Dickinson uses the words "gayer," "hallelujah," and "singing" to emphasize the uplifting feeling here. It could be argued that this is the point in the humans' lives (or deaths, or afterlives, depending on how one looks at it) when they reach the pinnacle of happiness, for they have finally entered heaven. The humans, now dead, would then acquire wings, immortality, and an angelic status that rises far above that of humans. Much like Dickinson's other poems, this one uses metaphors to represent similar things, such as "home," which represents "heaven," "snow," which represents the "clouds" on which heaven resides, and "vassals," which represents the "angels" who serve God. The second stanza shares a relation to the first, but it could be described as being completely opposite in tone. Dickinson uses the words "extorted," "larceny," and "death" to emphasize the crime that is personified here. Dickinson uses more metaphors in this stanza to compare the onrush of people entering heaven to divers who take pearls from the sea. In both cases, a sense of "value" is diminished, or perhaps even lost. Referring back to the first stanza, Dickinson subtly states that the status of angels would no longer be as honorable or magnificent as it is now if everyone were to acquire wings, achieve immortality, and enter heaven. As with the pearls under the sea, the value attributed to angels is inversely proportional to the number in known existence. More pearls out of the sea would be comparable to more angels in heaven. Their values are derived from their rarity. The third stanza continues by combining the previous two, as well as taking into consideration the feelings of the angels, whom Dickinson believes are enraged at the "extortion" of their honor and magnificence. Dickinson metaphorically describes the angels' method of keeping people out by saying that the angels (including Dickinson's ancestors) "veil their faces" so that humans cannot easily find their way to heaven (line 21). (Though it is true that each of Franklin's versions regarding this poem, as well as the original manuscripts, contain the word "vail," Dickinson has proven in at least one of her letters that she has a tendency to misspell words, including "veil." Taken in context, "veil" seems more appropriate.) Wolff makes a note that "concealment" is a recurring motif in Dickinson's poems when she says, "Rage is entirely separated from ?my father, Edward Dickinson': it finds expression only in the poetry, directed toward a ?Father' in Heaven Whose face we never see and Whose voice we never hear" (64). Could it be, then, that the phrase "My Classics" roughly translates to "My Father" (line 21)? It is interesting to note here that Dickinson loved her father dearly, but that love was not reciprocal. Shortly after her father's death, Emily Dickinson writes in one of her letters, "I am glad there is Immortality ? but would have tested it myself ? before entrusting him" (Wolff 64).

eLETRONIC BANKING essays

eLETRONIC BANKING essays The Electronic Banking Association (EBA) is a non-profit organization established to do one simple thing-help more people get started with electronic banking. Here's why. Who taught you how to write paper checks? Probably your parent's right? Well, who's going to teach you how to write electronic checks? Probably NOT your parents. That's where they come in. E-banking is so much more convenient and so much quicker that everyone should know about it. The EBA was established as an independent source of helpful information about electronic banking for consumers and businesses. Financial institutions, merchants, and other financial service firms actually provide financial e-commerce services, but the Electronic Banking Association (EBA) monitors progress in the financial e-commerce industry and provides information that will enable users of those services to become better informed and to locate providers of the services they seek. Everyone hates paying bills. It's time-consuming, frustrating, and you have to lick that awful envelope glue. But not with e-banking. You'll spend less time paying bills, and more time doing fun stuff. Here are some advantages to e-banking: Your computer remembers who you write checks to. You simply enter an amount then point-and-click. You'll never run out of checks again. You can schedule your payments in advance, so they'll get paid while you're on vacation or away on business. Electronic payments are processed quickly, in as little as 24 hours to 5 days (unlike a paper check sent in the mail, which takes an average of 10 days to post). No envelope glue. No paper cuts on your tongue. And you can stop writing your return address again, and again, and again. It takes forever to write checks and addresses every month. E-banking cuts ...

Carl Gustav Jung Essay Example for Free (#2)

Carl Gustav Jung Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA Carl Gustav Jung, (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961), was a Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist, and the founder of analytical psychology. His work and influence extends way beyond understanding personality, and he is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers to have theorised about life and how people relate to it. However, for the purpose of this assignment I will concentrate on Jung’s theory of Psychological Types. In this essay I aim to demonstrate an understanding of Jung’s personality types by describing and evaluating his theory and to show how they might useful in helping a therapist to determine therapeutic goals. Jung (1990, p.531) states that’ from earliest times, attempts have been made to classify individuals according to types, and so bring order to the chaos. The oldest attempts known to us were made by oriental astrologers who devised the so-called trigons of the four elements – air, water, earth, and fire. The air trigon in the horoscope consists of the three aerial signs of the zodiac, Aquarius, Gemini, Libra; the fire trigon is made up of Aries, Leo, Sagittarius. According to this age old view, whoever is born in these trigons shares in their aerial or fiery nature and will have a corresponding temperament and fate.‘ In the same paragraph, Jung states that ‘the astrological type theory, to the astonishment of the enlightened, still remains intact today,’ which is true. Closely connected with the astrological type theory is the division into the four temperaments which corresponds to the four humors (Jung, 1990, p.531). A Greek physician, Claudius Galen (AD130 – 200), distinguished four basic temperaments: the sanguine, the phlegmatic, the choleric, and the melancholic. Galen’s theory goes back to the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates’ (460 – 370BC), who described physical illness as being caused by the balance of bodily fluids, or humors as he labelled them’ (Maltby, et al, 2007, p.159). These bodily fluids are blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm. Galen expanded on Hippocrates’ theory and applied it to describe human personality, stating that when the humors were in balance, an equitable temperament was the result, however, if the humors were out of balance, then physical illness and mental disturbance occurred (Maltby et al, 2007, p.160). However, ‘by the time of the Middle Ages, scholars dismissed the idea that bodily fluids were directly implicated in personality traits. But the behavioural descriptions associated with the four humours lived on’ (McAdams, 2000, p.256). Galen’s four temperaments provided much inspiration and historical reference for Carl Jung’s theory of psychological types. According to Jung’s theory we are all different in fundamental ways and each psychological type has a different idea of what it means to achieve personal success. However, www.personalitypage.com states that, ‘so many people are hung up on somebody else’s idea of what it means to be successful, that they are unaware of what is truly important to them‘. I agree, because for many years, I wanted to be somebody else as that person’s life seemed so much better than mine, or so I thought at the time. Jung was one of the few psychologists in the twentieth century to maintain that development extends beyond childhood and adolescence through mid-life and into old age (Stevens, 2001, p.38). Jung insisted that ‘we never finish the process of self-examination and growth that charts our journey towards individuation.’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.86). In my case, I believe I am on that journey of accepting myself as I truly am, becoming my true ‘self‘. Stevens (2001, p.38) claims that ‘it could be brought to the highest fruition if one worked with and confronted the unconscious,’ and for me, it is and has been important to face the ‘monsters that lurk’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.86) in my unconscious, even when it has been uncomfortable to do so. According to Jung, like Freud, there are three levels of consciousness in the psyche (mind);- conscious, personal unconscious and collective unconscious. Snowdon (2010, p.56) states that ‘the individual psyche is always changing as it seeks growth and wholeness.’ Jung referred to the ego when describing the more conscious aspect of the personality, the part of the psyche that selects perceptions, thoughts, feelings and memories that may enter our conscious awareness. Stevens (2002, p. 62) states that ‘the ego is then centre of consciousness and is responsible for our continuing sense of identity.’ The personal unconscious comprises of ‘all the acquisitions of personal life, everything forgotten, repressed, subliminally perceived, thought, felt’ (Jung, 1990, p.485). This is an aspect of the unconscious that Freud also emphasized and these forgotten experiences are accessible to consciousness, and for both Freud and Jung, ‘the exploration of the unconscious is the key to personal insight’ (McAdams, 2000, p. 135). Conscious attitudes within the psyche should always be balanced by unconscious attitudes, and Snowdon (2010, p.56) claims that ‘if a conscious attitude grows too strong then the unconscious will always seek to restore equilibrium,’ by means of dreams, fantasies, slips of the tongue and so on. However, if the unconscious message is ignored, then ‘neurosis or even disease may result’ (Stevens, 2010, p.57). Where the personal unconscious is unique for each individual the collective unconscious is not an ‘individual acquisition but rather the functioning of the inherited brain structure, which in its broad outlines is the same in all human beings (Jung, 1954, p.117). Therefore, the collective unconscious represents the shared experiences, emotions and memories we have inherited from previous generations. Jung believed that we were born with a built-in human developmental programme, which is buried deep within the collective unconscious (Snowdon, 2010, p. 80). According to Jung, the personal unconscious contains various complexes, while the collective unconscious contains archetypes (see Fig 1) ‘Complexes are related groups of emotionally charged ideas, thoughts and images’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.61), and can exert a strong influence on the thoughts and behaviour of a person. Some complexes may be beneficial and others may be potentially harmful, and Jung (1990, p.529) states that ‘complexes do not necessarily indicate inferiority. It only means that something discordant, unassimilated, antagonistic exists, perhaps as an obstacle, but also as an incentive to greater effort, and so, perhaps to new possibilities of achievement.’ Therefore, a therapist may use this knowledge to bring to the forefront of the client’s consciousness, a situation which they may be finding difficult to overcome. Complexes can be related to a particular archetype, Stevens (2001, p.48) states that ‘complexes are personifications of archetypes; they are the means through which archetypes manifest themselves in the personal psyche.’ An archetype is a universal thought form or predisposition to respond to the world in certain ways (Jung, 1936), and Jung believed they appeared to us in dreams, myths, religions, art and symptoms. Engler (1991, p.86) claimed that ‘it is helpful for us to get in touch with them because they represent the latent potentially of the psyche.’ The widely recognised archetypes are the persona, the shadow, the anima and the animus, and the self. The persona archetype is the mask that a person wears to hide their true nature from society. The shadow is an unconscious part of the personality that contains weaknesses and other aspects of personality that a person cannot admit to having’ (Snowdon, 2010, p.68). The anima is the unconscious feminine aspect of a man’s personality, and the animus is the masculine aspect of a woman’s personality. The self is the central archetype and true midpoint of the personality (Engler, 1991, p.89). A criticism of Jung’s theory was his lack of empirical research, in which his theory has been attacked as being â€Å"non-falsifiable and unscientific† (Hergenhahn, 1994, p.93). Jung based his psychology on explorations of his own inner world, as well as his work with people ranging from ‘normal’ to those with neurotic problems and even those suffering from psychosis (Snowdon, 2010, p.XXVI). Eysenck (Engler, 2009, p.316) believed that from the point of view of science, Jung’s contribution to the study of personality types was primarily negative as he permitted mystical notions to override empirical data. However, Jung was unconcerned claiming that he ‘cannot experience himself as a scientific problem. Myth is more individual and expresses life more precisely that does science (Stevens, 2001, p.156).’ Jung’s description of personality states that in order to identify a psychological type, it is necessary to determine whether a person’s psychic energy (libido) is turned inwards towards the subject (introversion), or outwards towards the object (extroversion). Introverts are people who prefer their own inner world of thoughts and feelings, whilst extroverts prefer the external world towards external relationships and objects. According to Jung (1990, p.415) ‘the presence of two attitudes is extremely frequent,’ although one is generally dominant and conscious and the other is subordinate and unconscious. However, McAdams (2000, p.310) claims that ‘Eysenck, a British psychologist of German origin, rejected the idea that conscious extroversion is connected to unconscious introversion, and vice versa.’ Unlike Jung, Eysenck linked extroversion and introversion to differences in brain activity, however this theory is speculative and Eysenck acknowledged that his hypotheses ‘must stand and fall by empirical confirmation’ (Eysenck, 1965). Introvert and extrovert dimensions are now found in several theories, one of those being Hans Eysenck’s theory of personality. Although Eysenck expressed considerable disdain for Jung’s approach to psychological types, some of his ideas were rather similar, for example, ’both defined the concepts by making reference to the direction of a person’s approach to life’ (McAdams, 2000, p.309). However, in other ways Eysenck’s concepts were quite difference, for example, whilst Jung believed that a person can be classified as either extroverted or introverted, he believed that most people fall somewhere between the two attitudes, ‘combining qualities of both the extroverted and introverted poles’ (McAdams, p. 310). Like Jung, Eysenck examined historical approaches to personality as well as conducting various methods of research, to uncover the underlying structure of personality. Eysenck suggested that the basic dimensions of personality may be summarised in the diagram below (see Fig 2), which show the two main dimensions of extroversion-introversion and stable-unstable, with the traits associated with each personality type. The diagram also shows how the four temperaments are related to these types. Carl Gustav Jung. (2017, Feb 05).

How well trained teachers are in educational technology Research Paper

How well trained teachers are in educational technology - Research Paper Example nd and properly utilized with the use of technological devices such as laptops, projectors, iPads, slideshows, and various softwares amongst thousands of other devices and programs. Moreover, it is vital for students to be aware of how to properly utilize these devices to improve their educational learning and to enhance their understanding. This makes it further essential for teachers to be fully trained in using such devices and educational technology in order to facilitate the learning process (Mumtaz, 2000). As some teachers belong to older generations or some are technology-aversive, a large proportion of teachers have usually been found to be unable to properly use programs such as Microsoft Office, statistical software, and technological devices such as computers and projectors in general. Therefore, while it is important to judge how well teachers are able to communicate with students, nowadays, it is also just as important to judge whether they can use information technology effectively (Mumtaz, 2000). This study aims to analyze and determine whether teachers belonging to higher education institutes are able to properly use educational technology (computers, projectors, microphones, and software) to facilitate the learning process and how well-equipped these teachers are in the use of this technology. The study will focus on the teachers of the Brownsville Independent School District (BISD) in the local area and determine how these teachers are in the use of information technology and educational technology. The study will then aim to analyze the data on local teachers’ technology competence reasons and will aim to compare and it with previous literature regarding teachers’ competence in information technology. The participants of the study will include male and female teachers between the ages of 21 to 60 employed at BISD. Five teachers will be chosen from each school through random stratified sampling. A total of six teachers will be analyzed for